MIL-STD-46855A
4. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
4.1 Scope and nature of work. Human engineering shall be applied during analysis, design, development, acquisition, test, and evaluation of military systems, equipment and facilities to effectively integrate humans into the design of the system. A human engineering effort shall be conducted to provide safe and effective human interfaces to support system performance requirements. This shall be accomplished through:
a. Developing or improving all human interfaces of the system so the design is consistent with relevant human engineering standards;
b. Achieving required effectiveness of human performance during system operation, maintenance, control, and support (human effectiveness requirements are often implicit in reliability and maintainability requirements);
c. Coordinating analyses and information with overall systems engineering and human- systems integration (HSI) efforts and with other HSI domains;
d. Evaluating system design alternatives and system design issues, including cost-benefit implications, addressed in trade-off studies and white papers to ensure that human factors are appropriately prioritized and addressed, and that recommended alternatives achieve human factors requirements; and
e. Balancing personnel resources, skills, training, and costs.
The human engineering effort shall include, but not limited to, active participation in the following three major interrelated areas of system development: 1) analysis, 2) design and development, and 3) test and evaluation.
4.1.1 Analysis. The functions that must be performed by the system in achieving its objectives shall be identified and described. These functions shall be analyzed to determine their best allocation to personnel, hardware, software, or combinations thereof. All functions that require any element of human interaction shall be further dissected to define the specific tasks that must be performed to accomplish the functions. Each task shall be analyzed to determine
the human performance parameters; the criticality of the task in accomplishing the objective; the system, equipment, and software and associated user interfaces; and the environmental conditions under which the tasks are conducted. All analyses of tasks shall utilize a consistent task taxonomy, including that used in training analyses. Task requirements shall be quantified
where possible, and shall be expressed in a form that permits effectiveness studies of the human- system interfaces in relation to the total system operation. Gaps between human performance requirements and target user audience capabilities and approach for mitigation shall be
identified. Human engineering risk areas shall be identified as part of the analysis. Analyses shall remain current with the design effort.
4.1.2 Design and development. Human engineering shall be applied to the design and development of the system hardware, software and associated user interfaces, procedures, work environments, and facilities associated with the system functions requiring personnel interaction,
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